ARCTIC AND ANTARCTIC SEA ICE

004 Preface

008 Introduction to Polar Regions and Sea Ice
010 Ice Mechanics and Polar Engineering
014 Diminishing Polar Sea Ice and Climate Change
016 Formation and Development of Sea Ice
020 Research Sites of Polar Sea Ice

Part 1.
030 Early Stages of Sea Ice Formation
032 Frazil Ice
036 Sponge Ice
038 Grease ice
042 Nilas
044 Rafting Ice
050 Pancake Ice
060 Ice in Waves

Part 2.
064 Development of Pack Ice
066 Land Fast Ice
068 Level Ice and Ice Floe
076 First-year Ice
078 Multi-year Ice
082 Ice Ridges
086 Melting Ponds on Sea Ice
090 Aerial View of Pack Ice
096 Unusual Colors and Shapes of Sea Ice

Part 3.
102 Land-based Ice and Icebergs
104 Glacial Ice on Land
114 Ice Shelves
120 Icebergs
134 Unusual Features of Iceberg

Part 4.
140 Icebreaking Patterns
142 Cracks in Ice
146 Broken Pieces and Cusps
150 Ice Channels

Part 5.
154 Experimental Activities on Sea Ice
156 Coring and Measuring Ice Properties
160 Icebreaking Research Vessel ARAON
162 Activities Using Helicopters and Snowmobiles

Part 6.
166 Animals on Sea Ice
168 Svalbard Reindeer
170 Polar Bears
174 Antarctic Seals
176 Penguins

180 Terminology
183 References
184 Index

Kyungsik Choi